World Bioregions/Biomes GRADE 10/10 Biome -- a grouping of the world’s flora and fauna into a large ecological province or region; also referred to as bioregion What is flora? The plants of a particular region or period What is fauna? The animals of a given region or period
Biome
Basic Description
Types of flora
Types of Fauna
World Location
1)Forests-
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A) Rain Forest
20-25 C, warm and frost free. Two types: tropical, and temperate. 2,000-10,00 mm of rain annually
Vines, palm trees, orchids ferns
Many species of amphibians
Between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn
B) Broadleaf /mixed broadleaf &coniferous
-40-20 C, 300-900 mm of rain annually. Long snowy winter, warm humid summers
Coniferous evergreen trees
insects
Canada, Europe, Asia, and the United States
C) Coniferous (Taiga)
moist-cool, cool to cold with more precipitation than the tundra, occurring mainly in the summer because of mid-latitude cyclones, the low light penetration even during the spring and fall months
needle-leaf evergreen variety tree species, like White Pine and Hemlock
Mammals like moose, bear, deer, wolverine, but rarely reptiles because of the cold climate.
45th and 57th North latitudes
2) Mediterranean woodland, shrub & grassland
This area has a dry climate because of the dominance of the subtropical high pressure zone during the fall, summer, and spring months. Precipitation falls mainly in the winter months because of the seasonal movement of the polar front and its associated mid-latitude cyclone storms. Annual averages range from about 300 to 750 millimeters and most of this rain falls in a period between 2 to 4 months long
Mostly plant species that are like the ones in the evergreen forest like ork oak, olive eucalyptus, arbutus acacia, maritime pine shrub oak.
most of the animals are small and/or nocturnal
narrow zone between 32 and 40° latitude North and South on the west coasts of the continents. North and South of equator.
3) Tropical Savanna, mixed grassland & woodland
Distinct wet and dry seasons, temperatures are hot all year long
Drought resistant trees, and grasses
Giraffes, lions, and other predator species who pray on grazing animals
Eastern Africa, South America, and Australia
4) Prairie & steppe grassland
-20-30 C, 500-900mm of rain annually, lands with tall grasses and Steppes are small lands with short grasses
prairie dogs, jack rabbits, ground squirrels, and gophers, bison, pronghorn antelope, and elk
Great Plains of North America, pampas of South America, the veldt of South America and every other continent except Antarctica
5) Desert shrub
38 C during the day, -3.9 C at night, 250mm of rain per year Dry
Arid Rain ?with exceding evaporation of over precipitation.
Cacti, small bushes, and short grasses
Rich lizard and snake fauna due to high temperatures
In between 15 and 35 degrees latitude north and south of the equator. Ex: Mojave, Sonoran, Chihuahua, The Great Basin of North America and the Sahara in Africa
6)Tundra (Alpine)-
-40-18 C, 150-250 mm of rainfall per year. The world's youngest biomes, treeless, and it covers about 20% if the worlds surface. The ground is permanently frozen.
Almost no trees due to short growing season, and permafrost; however, there are lichens, mosses, grasses, sedges, and shrubs
Caribou, musk ox, arctic hare, voles, and lemmings, many bird species, arctic fox, snow owl, polar bear, and wolves and some reptiles and amphibians
South of the ice caps in the Arctic, and extends across North America, Europe, and Siberia
Biome -- a grouping of the world’s flora and fauna into a large ecological province or region; also referred to as bioregion
What is flora? The plants of a particular region or period
What is fauna? The animals of a given region or period
lands with tall grasses and Steppes are small lands with short grasses
Dry
Arid Rain ?with exceding evaporation of over precipitation.
The world's youngest biomes, treeless, and it covers about 20% if the worlds surface. The ground is permanently frozen.